Alpinia nutans among others are sold as cardamom, and they are a false cardamom. This is called the queen among spices and is a perennial herbaceous rhizomatous monocot in the zingiberaceae. In vitro antibacterial activity of methanol seed extract. Maton when used as a sensory additive for all animal species. Enclosed in the fruit pods are tiny, brown, aromatic seeds, which are both pungent and sweet to the taste. Since 1895 cardamom has been cultivated in the cardamom hills of western ghats, india, which form a part of global biodiversity hot spots. It is cultivated in about 1, 00,000 ha mainly confined to the southern states viz.
The leaves are alternate in two ranks, linearlanceolate, 4060 cm 1624 in long, with a long pointed tip. Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as green or true cardamom, is a herbaceous, perennial plant in the ginger family, native to southern india. Cardamom extract contains only natural ingredients. True cardamom or small cardamom belongs to the genus elettaria. Cardamom is an important economic crop and is a highly valued spice parthasarathy et al. Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as cardamom, is a pungent, aromatic, herbaceous, evergreen perennial of the ginger family.
This plant is native to tropical areas of india, burma and sri lanka. Maton zingiberaceae that is commonly known as queen of spices for the versatile use in culinary practice. This page was last edited on 8 november 2017, at 07. It was formerly applied to all pungent or aromatic foods, to ingredients of incense or perfume and to embalming agents. Indian cardamom is known for its luxuriant green colour with. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract is an extract from the seeds of the cardamom, elettaria cardamomum, zingiberaceae 16. But the later romans were responsible for making cardamom popular and using it extensively in good cooking. Pollination ecology of cardamom elettaria cardamomum in. The elettaria small or green cardamom is most consumed and therefore also most traded globally.
Cardamom, ginger and turmeric belong to the family zingiberaceace. Cardamom oil plant of origin elettaria cardamom maton part of the plant seeds synonyms cas 85940325 cas 2 8000666 einecs 2889221 fema tariff number 2241 3301294100 food grade certificate available on request reach registration no. Elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae or cardamom is commonly known as queen of spices for the versatile use in cooking practice. Cardamom small elettaria cardamomum maton zingiberaceae fruit,seed cardamom large amomum subulatum roxb. Kerala, karnataka and tamil nadu accounting for 60,31 and 9% of the total area respectively. This crop is indigenous to south india and sri lanka purseglove 1981. Cardamom is very sensitive to moisture stress and performs comparatively better in cool, shady environment cardamom does not tolerate direct sunlight, at the same time under too much shade the. Both cardamoms are shade loving plants usually cultivated under forest trees at altitudes between 7001500m above sea level. There are 52 major spices cultivated in india and small cardamom is out of them, confined to kerala, karnataka and tamilnadu in cultivation.
Domestication of cardamom elettaria cardamomum in western. View picture of cardamom elettaria cardamomum at daves garden. Pdf antimicrobial activity of elettaria cardamomum. The spice refers to a range of plants in the elettaria small cardamom and amomum large cardamom genera. Expertly extracted, highest quality cardamom alcoholfree liquid extract. How to grow flavorful cardamom in your home garden. No other classic spice has such a patchy geographical distribution and variety of uses.
The genus elettaria consists of a small number of spices distributed in india, sri lanka, malaysia and indonesia holtum, 1950. Click, drag, and drop to reorder files or press delete to remove any content you dont want. Dont over water soil and allow the soil surface to begin to dry before rewatering. Following a request from the european commission, the efsa panel on additives and products or substances used in animal feed feedap was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of an essential oil from the seeds of elettaria cardamomum l. My baby cardamom plant still in the nurserys container san diego, california. For this purpose, the diethyl ether extracts of cardamom seeds were tested on. The cardamom plant has a tuberous horizontal rhizome, sending up from eight to twenty erect, simple, smooth, green and shining, perennial stems, which rise from six to twelve feet in height, and bear alternate ellipticallanceolate sheathing leaves. The physiological ecology of cardamom elettaria cardamomum m. They are native to india and sri lanka, but cultivated and naturalized elsewhere.
Cardamom alcoholfree liquid extract, organic cardamom. Pdf medicinal properties of elettaria cardamomum researchgate. You can merge pdfs or a mix of pdf documents and other files. Blood pressure lowering, fibrinolysis enhancing and antioxidant activities of cardamom elettaria cardamomum. Zingiberaceae, called the queen of spices in india, is a tall, perennial, reedlike herb that grows wild and is cultivated in india and sri lanka. Potassium deficiency in cardamom could be measured indirectly by judging the plant health i. How to merge pdfs and combine pdf files adobe acrobat dc. Studies on plant growth promoting properties of fruitassociated bacteria from elettaria cardamomum and molecular analysis of acc deaminase gene. Use of cardamom fruits for medicinal and culinary purposes dates back to the second century bc. In large cardamom is also referred to as black cardamom. Quality of small cardamom is defined by various factors and constituent, among constituents essential oil are. Related to the ginger family, the leaves are long and lance shaped and flowers arise from the base of the plant. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton is a tall perennial shrub fig. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Cardamom is commonly used internally to help soothe occasional stomach discomfort. Elettaria cardamomum, chances are great that you have the wrong plant. Keep soil temperature at 7085f for best germination. Cardamom is the dried fruit of elettaria cardamomum maton zingiberaceae. Cardamom elettaria cardamomummaton is a tall perennial shrub fig. Cardamom of the zingiberaceae family is one of the worlds very ancient and.
Nutrient management in small cardamom elettaria cardamomum. Click add files and select the files you want to include in your pdf. It is commonly found in ayurvedic medicines used for the treatment of several diseases of these organs. Cardamom alcoholfree liquid extract, organic cardamom elettaria cardamomum dried seed glycerite features and description. Small cardamom elettaria cardamomum belongs to the family zingiberaceae. Two botanical varieties have been distinguished based on the size of the fruits, one for the wild taxon and one for the. Safety and efficacy of an essential oil from elettaria cardamomum l. Introduction cardamom, queen of spices, is the dried fruit of the perennial rhizomatous herb, elettaria cardamom urn maton, which belongsto the family zingiberaceae. Apart from its use as a flavoring agent in food preparations, confectioneries and cosmetics, cardamom is used both in ancient and modem medicines. Green cardamom elettaria cardamommum known as the queen of spices, this is the true cardamom native to southern india. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum is listed in the indian materia medica as. Cardamom seeds are unfortunately difficult to germinate.
The aerial part of the plant consists of 1020 erect leafy shoots pseudostem 2. The antispasmodic activity of the oil extracted from commercial elettaria cardamomum seeds the was determined on a rabbit intestine preparation using acetylcholine as agonist, the results proving that cardamom oil exerts its antispasmodic. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum plant profiler sigmaaldrich. Rearrange individual pages or entire files in the desired order. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton, a native of high ranges of western ghats of india, is an ecofriendly plantation spice crop. Elettaria cardamomum is a pungent, aromatic, herbaceous, perennial plant, growing to about 24 m 6 ft 7 in ft 1 in in height. Safety and efficacy of an essential oil from elettaria. Jan 06, 2009 elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae is a highly priced spice, growing in midelevations 6000 m a. Elettaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family zingiberaceae. Fumigant toxicity and oviposition deterrency of the essential. Elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae is a highly priced spice, growing in midelevations 6000 m a. Apart from its use as a flavoring agent in food preparations. May 29, 2012 view picture of cardamom elettaria cardamomum at daves garden.
Large cardamom, nepal cardamom or the black cardamom belongs to the genus amomum. Specifications exempt from registration importedmanufactured cardamom is harvested from the dried fruit of the elettaria cardamomum plant. Cardamom elettaria cardamom, zingiberaceae cardamom, popularly known as queen of spices is native to the evergreen rainy forests of western ghats in south india. Safety and efficacy of an essential oil from elettaria cardamomum.
The plant profiler provides detailed information and bioactive compounds for numerous different plant species. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton belongs to the natural order scitaminae under the family zingiberaceae. Elettaria cardamomum fruit ahpa botanical identity. The seeds have a pleasant aroma and a characteristic warm, slightly pungent taste. Specifications exempt from registration importedmanufactured elettaria cardamommum known as the queen of spices, this is the true cardamom native to southern india. The underlier of the mcx cardamom contract is elettaria cardamom, also known as small green cardamom, grown in the southern states of kerala, tamil nadu and karnataka. Pdf cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton, a native of high ranges of western ghats of india, is an ecofriendly plantation spice crop.
Introduction about cardamom the term spice is derived from the word species which was applied to different groups of exotic food stuff in the middle ages. Elettaria cardamomum definition of elettaria cardamomum by. Cardamom is a perennial shrub with thick, fl eshy, lateral roots which can grow to a height of eight feet kapoor, 2000. Amomum cardamom, also known as black cardamom grown in north eastern states is not tradable on the mcx platform. There are a number of false cardamoms, but the true cardamom is a subtropical or tropical shrub preferring warm temperatures and yearround water. Two botanical varieties have been distinguished based on the size of the. Abbasipour h, mahmoud m, rastegar f, hosseinpour mh 2011 fumigant toxicity and oviposition deterrency of the essential oil from cardamom, elettaria cardamomum, against three storedproduct insects. Cardamom is a perennial shrub with fleshy, thick and lateral roots and the plant grows to a height of eight feet kapoor, 2000.
Characterisation of the essential oil identified 37 components. Potassium is important for enhancing the capsule size and capsule quality, in terms of seed weight and essential oil content. Other articles where elettaria cardamomum is discussed. Some of the important varieties are alleppy, mysore, malabar, and mangalore cardamoms. If you bought a plant with a tag that says cardamom. The high quality, evidencebased information on each plant profiler page is gathered by natural standard, the authority on integrative medicine. Learn about elettaria cardamomum cardamom perennial. The cardamom plant begins flowering at 23 years of age from the base of the plant. In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to. Carr, in vitro investigation of the potential immunomodulatory and anticancer activities of black pepper piper nigrum and cardamom elettaria cardamomum, journal of medicinal food, vol.
It is beneficial for overall digestive system, respiratory system, kidneys, blood, heart, and skin. Pollination ecology of cardamom elettaria cardamomum in the western ghats, india volume 23 issue 4 palatty allesh sinu, k. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum plant profiler sigma. Cardamom spice is used to flavor many foods and drinks. There are two kinds of cardamoms found in the spice world. Elettaria cardamomum true cardamom queen of spices from. Cardamom is a spice made from the seeds of two different species in the genera elettaria and amomum in the family zingiberaceae.
Cardamom is the dried, unripened fruit of the perennial plant species elettaria cardamomum. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. Ginger is obtained from the rhizomes of zingiber officinale. Elettaria cardamomum 5 ml cardamom cardamom elettaria cardamomum 5 ml part number. Maton is safe up to the proposed use level of 5 mgkg complete feed for all animal species. Flower of cardamom plant fruit capsules and seeds dried fruit and seeds as used as spice. The seeds of elettaria cardamomum are the source of cardamom.
There are many varieties, which are classified on the basis of their capsule size and color. Spices of india spices under the purview of the spices board english common botanical family partused name name name as spice 1. Several species of shellflower alpinia are cultivated as ornamentals. A close relative to ginger, cardamom is known as an expensive cooking spice and for being beneficial to the digestive system in a variety of ways. Elettaria cardamomum an overview sciencedirect topics. Spicy, fruity, warm, balsamic main chemical components. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information. The spice is made from the seeds which are found in small, thin pods. Nutrient management in small cardamom elettaria cardamomum a. Aptly sobriquetted as the queen of spices, this spice has its origin in the biodiversity rich evergreen forests of western ghats ofsouth india. Antiulcerogenic activity of elettaria cardamomum maton. Mar 12, 2020 cardamom, spice consisting of whole or ground dried fruits and seeds of elettaria cardamomum of the ginger family. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
Small cardamom known as heel khurd fruits of elettaria cardamomum maton. Cardamom or cardamom is a tropical plant of the ginger family zingiberaceae. Cardamom is a dried fruit of elettaria cardamomum l. There are no reports on cultivation of elettaria, but most likely this could be done. Antimicrobial effect of seed extract of cardamom elettar.
It is the most common of the species whose seeds are used as a spice called cardamom. The spice has a warm, slightly pungent, and highly aromatic flavor and is popular in south asian dishes and in scandinavian pastries. Micropropagation of cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract cosmetic ingredient inci. The feedap panel concludes that cardamom essential oil from the seeds of e. True cardamom will have flowers that form at the base of the plant. The pods have triangular cross section and a paperlike outer covering. We have extended our studies to characterise mirnas in wild and cultivar genotypes of cardamom. They are one of the highest priced and most expensive spices after saffron and vanilla. It is one of the most ancient and valuable spice crops.
Be sure you are buying elettaria cardamomum, which is true cardamom. The spice is has a very pleasant aroma and flavor, and is commonly referred. A concentration of 5 mgl water for drinking is considered safe for all animal species. Plant files begonia species begonia masoniana iron cross was a big surprise success outdoors. Seeds from this species are often referred to as nepal cardamom or black cardamom. November, 2008 cardamom, the queen of spices is native to evergreen western ghats of india and one of the most valuable spices in the world. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton is one of the most commonly used spices and is known as the queen of spices.
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